Category
Surgical Endoscopy
Typical Use
Visualize and operate within the peritoneal cavity.
Description
A rigid or flexible endoscope introduced through small abdominal incisions to visualize intra abdominal organs and perform minimally invasive surgical procedures such as cholecystectomy, appendectomy, and gynecologic surgery. Laparoscopy reduces postoperative pain, shortens hospital stay, and improves cosmetic outcomes compared with open surgery, but requires insufflation, specialized instruments, and trained surgical teams. Safe laparoscopy depends on proper port placement, prevention of trocar injuries, maintenance of pneumoperitoneum, and readiness to convert to open surgery if needed. Postoperative monitoring includes assessment for bleeding, infection, and return of bowel function, with patient education on activity restrictions and wound care.