Blood Pressure Cuff (Sphygmomanometer)

Category Vital Sign Monitoring Typical Use Measure arterial blood pressure. Description An inflatable cuff paired with a pressure gauge (aneroid or digital) used to measure systolic and diastolic arterial blood pressure noninvasively. The cuff is placed around the upper arm at heart level and inflated to occlude arterial flow, then slowly deflated while listening for … Read more

Cardiac Stress Test Treadmill

Category Cardiology Diagnostic Typical Use Exercise provoked assessment of ischemia and functional capacity. Description A motorized treadmill integrated with ECG monitoring and blood pressure measurement used to perform graded exercise tests to detect inducible ischemia, assess exercise tolerance, and guide cardiac rehabilitation planning under supervised conditions.

Retinoscope

Category Ophthalmology Diagnostic Typical Use Estimate refractive error by observing reflexes from the retina. Description A handheld optical instrument that projects a streak or spot of light into the eye while the clinician observes the red reflex movement to estimate refractive errors and guide objective refraction, particularly useful in nonverbal patients and pediatric examinations. Retinoscopy … Read more

Veress Needle Trocar

Category Surgical Access Typical Use Establish pneumoperitoneum and access for laparoscopy. Description A Veress needle or trocar is used to insufflate the abdomen with carbon dioxide and create initial access for laparoscopic surgery, providing a safe working space for visualization and instrument manipulation. Entry technique varies (open Hasson technique, Veress needle, or optical trocar) and … Read more

Venous Phase

Category Contrast Phase Term Venous Phase Definition of Venous Phase Imaging Phase After Arterial Enhancement When Venous Structures And Parenchymal Enhancement Predominate Notes About Venous Phase Important For Tumor And Venous Pathology

Cystoscope

Category Endoscopy Urology Typical Use Visualize bladder and urethra; perform interventions. Description A rigid or flexible endoscope inserted through the urethra to visualize the urethra and bladder mucosa, obtain biopsies, remove stones, or place stents; cystoscopy is used for hematuria evaluation, recurrent urinary tract infections, and bladder tumor surveillance. Flexible cystoscopes allow office based procedures … Read more